![]() Hypertension 2015 65 (2): 440–446.Ĭappuccio FP, Elliott P, Allender PS, Pryer J, Follman DA, Cutler JA. Effectiveness of a tailored behavioral intervention to improve hypertension control: primary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2012 14 (11): 767–772.įriedberg JP, Rodriguez MA, Watsula ME, Lin I, Wylie-Rosett J, Allegrante JP et al. Lifestyle educational program strongly increases compliance to nonpharmacologic intervention in hypertensive patients: a 2-year follow-up study. Hypertension 2003 42 (5): 878–884.įerrara AL, Pacioni D, Di Fronzo V, Russo BF, Staiano L, Speranza E et al. Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Neter JE, Stam BE, Kok FJ, Grobbee DE, Geleijnse JM. Sugar and artificially sweetened soda consumption linked to hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hypertens 2014 32 (5): 990–996.Ĭheungpasitporn W, Thongprayoon C, Edmonds PJ, Srivali N, Ungprasert P, Kittanamongkolchai W et al. The role of body weight, fat distribution and weight change in ethnic differences in the 9-year incidence of hypertension. Grootveld LR, Van Valkengoed IG, Peters RJ, Ujcic-Voortman JK, Brewster LM, Stronks K et al. Sedentary behaviors and the risk of incident hypertension: the SUN Cohort. Lancet 2005 365 (9455): 217–223.īeunza JJ, Martínez-González MA, Ebrahim S, Bes-Rastrollo M, Núñez J, Martínez JA et al. ![]() Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, Muntner P, Whelton PK, He J. Further high-quality research is still warranted to confirm the magnitude of the effect of CaD supplementation on the changes of BP among participants with different ethnicity, gender, health status and CaD supplements. Subgroup analysis by gender indicated some evidence of elevated SBP in male participants, and the WMD (95% CI) was 1.49 mm Hg (1.03, 1.95). No meaningful effect on daytime office BP was detected in the present study, with evidence of significant heterogeneity. The follow-up time ranged from 15 weeks to a maximum of 7 years. Eight RCTs involving 36 806 participants were assessed. We further performed subgroup analysis and meta-regression by ethnicity, gender, age, health status, supplement dose, co-interventions, supplement duration and quality assessment. ![]() Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the study quality of each trial. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the continuous outcome data. The PubMed, the Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of controlled trials were searched. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to explore the effect of calcium plus vitamin D (CaD) supplementation on changes of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure among male and female participants (with and without diagnosed hypertension) aged 18 years or older. The combined efficacy of calcium and vitamin D on BP has not been systematically assessed. The effect of calcium or vitamin D supplement on blood pressure (BP) has been explored in previous meta-analyses, but the results are conflicting.
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